Evaluation of medication administration errors by nurses in suez canal university hospitals

The study objective was to Evaluate Medication Administration Errors by Nurses in "Suez Canal University Hospitals. This study was conducted in the Medical and Surgical units [N=14] In Suez Canal University Hospital on 100 nurses work at Medical and Surgical units A descriptive exploratory design was used to conduct this study. Four tools were used, observational checklist to assess nurse's practice related to Medication Administration, Structured Interview questionnaire sheet to assess nurses' knowledge and their opinion about factors contributing to Medication Errors, Observational checklist [Rating scale] about nurses' attitude toward responsibility, accountability during medication administration, and ISMP rating scale for hospital medication environment. revealed that the nurses' level of knowledge and practice is satisfactory. Nurses' attitude is positive. Common factors affecting medication administration and can lead to Medication Errors related to patient, physician, and organization as well as others related to nurses' themselves. The present study concluded that there is no significance relation between nurses' level of knowledge, practice and their socio-demographic characteristics

Relationship between obesity and hypertension among elementary school children in Zagazig city

Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease which is independently related to cultural, economic and social parameters. Hypertension is the most common complication of childhood obesity. This study was undertaken with the aim of assessing the prevalence of obesity among primary school children and detecting the factors leading to obesity and predisposing to the occurrence of hypertension. This study was conducted at four elementary schools at Zagazig City, Sharkia Governorate. A total random sample of 200 elementary school children was included after fulfilling the criteria of selection. Two tools for data collection were used, they included a questionnaire sheet and a clinical assessment sheet. The study results revealed a high prevalence of obesity among the elementary school children. Consumption of high fat diet, highly carbohydrate preparations, TV viewing, sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity are important contributing factors to obesity and increase its prevalence among the children. Social, behavioral and environmental factors such as low social class and low educational level of the parents had an important role in increasing the prevalence of obesity among the school age children. Obesity is also associated with hypertension, increased with the increasing grades of obesity among the children aged 6-12 years and the relation was statistically significant. Based on the findings of this study, periodic check up of blood pressure, nutritional programs and nutritional counseling to the students and teachers to improve the students' nutritional awareness inside and outside the schools is highly recommended

Development of safe chemical and biological formulations for control of nematodes in cucumber

Afield study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a chemical mixture, biological suspension and synthetic nematicide [oxamyl] on the fruit yield and development of a natural polyspecific microorganism community on cucumber plants. This community included the fungi Aspergillus niger, A. ochracious, A. terreus, Fusarium solani, Penicillium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, and Trichoderma spp.; the dominant bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Changes in the density and structure of the community were presented and discussed. Plots treated with the mixture, consisted of red molasses [50 liter], milk [1 liter], smashed garlic cloves [5 kg] and water [45 liter], had the highest fruit yield and lowest M incognita population. Moreover, cucumber yield was significantly [P

Comparison study between the effect of static and alternating magnetic field on Erythrocytes aggregation

The aim of the present study is to show the effect of static and alternating magnetic field on erythrocytes aggregation rate and size. A magnetic coil with iron core was constructed in order to give static magnetic field of intensity from 0.9 to 14 mT, and alternating magnetic field of intensity from 1.5 to 10 mT. The aggregation data are obtained by using online laser transmission technique which was built on the magnetic coil. The analysis shows that the erythrocytes aggregation rate index [EARl] and erythrocytes aggregation size index [EASI] were altered by the magnetic field. There are a strong correlation between the values of static and alternating magnetic field with both EARl and EAST

Modified laser nephelometric technique to study RBC's aggregation stages

Laser nephelometric technique is developed to study RBC's aggregation. Using this aggregometer, blood aggregation curve is obtained from monitoring the scattering light signal from blood under various shear rates. From this curve, blood aggregation relaxation times [relaxation time of RBC's rouleaux formation T1 and time of network formation T2] and aggregation durability constant [beta] are determined. Results obtained indicate that as the shear rate increases the intensity of backscattered light increases due to increase in disaggregation. The relaxation time of formation of rouleaux [T1] was found to be correlated with HCT [hematocrit], RBC's count and HGB [hemoglobin]. Relaxation time of network formation [T2] and hydrodynamic durability constant [beta] have a weak correlation with hematological parameters

Modified laser viscometer technique to measure blood viscosity

To eliminate human factor errors in measuring the blood viscosity laser viscometer was designed and constructed. Blood viscosity of ten human blood samples were measured using this viscometer. Hematological parameters of these samples [RBC's countt, mean cell volume [MCV] hematocrit [HCT] mean corpuscle haemoglobin [MCH] mean corpuscle hemoglobin concentration [MCHC] hemoglobin[HGB] red cell distribution width [RDW] and serum cholesterol were measured and the relation between the viscosity of whole blood and these parameters were studied. The results obtained show a correlation between blood viscosity and eash of RBC's count [r= 0.78] HCT [r = 0.51] and RDW [r = 0.537] while the other blood parameters are not correlated

Ultrasonic tissue characterization

Reflected ultrasonic single from soft tissue are examined to determine the acoustic parameters which discriminate between healthy and diseased tissues, and their temperature and frequency dependence. The velocity, the attenuation coefficient, and the slope of the acoustic attenuation with frequency in plexiglass, bovine liver, normal breast and cancer breast specimens are measured over a frequency range from 0.8-4 MHz. Human female breast is examined both histologically and acoustically. It is found that the attenuation in soft tissues is strongly dependent on the temperature and transducer's frequency. It is also found that the acoustic velocity does not vary strongly with frequency for plexiglas, bovine liver and normal breast specimens, however, it varies significantly for cancer breast specimens. Also, the acoustic velocity is found to be temperature dependent. Pathological tissues are found to have higher attenuation and velocity compared to that for normal breast tissues

Investigation of a model for estimating the attenuation of ultrasonic signals

mathematical model is developed to simulate attenuation of soft tissues. A comparison is done between the results of linear model [zero phase and minimum phase] and nonlinear model. The nonlinear minimum phase model is verified to be the best model for simulating the attenuation of ultrasound in soft tissues, as compared to the zero phase and the minimum phase linear models

measurement of acoustic parameters in decalcified bone

The speed of sound and several attenuation parameters in bovine bone were measured over a frequency range from 0.8 to 4 MHz. The bone samples were demineralized by dissolving the bone mineral with EDTA for different dissolving time. It was found that the speed and attenuation parameters did not correlate with each other. The correlations between bone calcium content and different acoustic parameters were studied

Synthesis and some reactions of 3-ethyl- [4-carboxy-6-bromophenyl-3,4-dihydro-2-pyronyl] -acetate

The present work deals with the synthesis of 3-ethyl-[4-carboxy-6 p-bromophenyl-3,4-dihydro-2-pyronyl]-acetate. The reaction of which with hydrazines, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, semicarbazide hydrochloride, primary amines, aromatic aldehydes and Grignard reagents has been described

Synthesis of some furo [2,3b] and [3,4-c] cycloheptatriene derivatives

Decent research on azulene compounds has indicated wide-spread interest in large ring compounds containing aromatic and heteroaromatic structures, In extension to our studies in arenotropones, arenotropilidenes, and their metal complexes, we examine in this investigation the reactivity of the carbonyl group in the seven membered ting towards some organolithium reagents as an avenue for the preparation of Cycloheptatriene derivatives

Synthesis of some substituted N-methylimidazole derivatives

The continuous interest in the synthesis of imidazole compounds is due to their vital importance for the function of biological systems. Here the preparation of some new substituted NMI compounds starting from the 4, 5-dibromo-NMI which can easily be prepared from the commercial NMI